Fixed-point signal processing
This book is intended to fill the gap between the "ideal precision" digital signal processing (DSP) that is widely taught, and the limited precision implementation skills that are commonly required in fixed-point processors and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). These skills are often...
| Main Author: | |
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| Other Authors: | |
| Format: | Electronic |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA) :
Morgan & Claypool Publishers,
c2009.
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| Series: | Synthesis lectures on signal processing (Online),
# 9. |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | View fulltext via EzAccess |
Table of Contents:
- 1. Getting started
- Design flow
- Tools
- 2. DSP concepts
- Basic systems theory
- Linear, time-invariant systems
- Difference equations
- Convolution
- Z-transform
- Poles and zeros
- Block diagrams and filter implementation
- Transpose filters
- Cascaded second-order sections
- Frequency response
- Frequency response from the z-transform
- Frequency response examples
- 3. Random processes and noise
- Random variables
- Expectations and moments
- Stationary and ergodic processes
- Definitions and properties
- Random processes and Fourier analysis
- Fourier transform of correlation and covariance
- Power spectral density
- Filtering a random sequence
- Filtering a white random sequence
- Periodograms
- 4. Fixed point numbers
- Binary arithmetic
- Unsigned binary representation
- Addition
- Subtraction
- Multiplication
- Division
- Signed binary representation
- Q-format
- Fixed-point arithmetic
- Multiplication
- Addition
- Rounding
- An FIR filter example
- Quantization example, computing y[0]
- Quantization example, computing y[1]
- Quantization example, results
- Matlab example
- Floating-point
- Block floating-point.
- 5. Quantization effects: data and coefficients
- Four types of error
- Data quantization
- Analog-to-digital conversion
- Ranges
- Quantization noise power
- Signal-to-noise ratio
- Saturation and overflow
- Coefficient quantization
- Significant factors in coefficient quantization
- 2nd-order coupled form structure
- Direct form IIR filters, coefficient quantization problems
- Cascaded second-order section filters
- 6. Quantization effects, round-off noise and overflow
- Round-off noise
- Calculation example
- Overflow and scaling
- Overflow review
- Scaling
- Norms
- L(1t) scaling
- L[infinity]w scaling
- L2 norm scaling
- Scale factor comparisons
- Cascaded second order sections
- Design example
- Scaling calculations
- Output noise calculations
- Noise spectrum calculations
- SNR calculations
- Comparing different choices
- Limit cycles
- Glossary
- Bibliography.