Virtual crowds methods, simulation, and control /

• Main Author: Pelechano, Nuria.
• Other Authors: Allbeck, Jan M., Badler, Norman I.
• Format: Electronic
• Language: English
• Published: San Rafael, Calif. (1537 Fourth Street, San Rafael, CA 94901 USA) : Morgan & Claypool Publishers, c2008.
• Series: Synthesis lectures on computer graphics and animation (Online) ; # 8.
• Subjects: Crowds > Computer simulation.; Collective behavior > Computer simulation.; Intelligent agents (Computer software)
• Online Access: Abstract with links to full text
• Item Description: Part of: Synthesis digital library of engineering and computer science.; Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on December 3, 2008).; Series from website.
• Physical Description: 1 electronic text (xii, 176 p. : ill.) : digital file.; Also available in print.
• Format: Mode of access: World Wide Web.; System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader.
• Bibliography: Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-[174]).
• ISBN: 9781598296426 (electronic bk.); 9781598296419 (pbk.)
• ISSN: 1933-9003
• Access: Abstract freely available; full-text restricted to subscribers or individual document purchasers.

There are many applications of computer animation and simulation where it is necessary to model virtual crowds of autonomous agents. Some of these applications include site planning, education, entertainment, training, and human factors analysis for building evacuation. Other applications include simulations of scenarios where masses of people gather, flow, and disperse, such as transportation centers, sporting events, and concerts. Most crowd simulations include only basic locomotive behaviors possibly coupled with a few stochastic actions. Our goal in this survey is to establish a baseline of techniques and requirements for simulating large-scale virtual human populations. Sometimes, these populations might be mutually engaged in a common activity such as evacuation from a building or area; other times they may be going about their individual and personal agenda of work, play, leisure, travel, or spectator. Computational methods to model one set of requirements may not mesh well with good approaches to another. By including both crowd and individual goals and constraints into a comprehensive computational model, we expect to simulate the visual texture and contextual behaviors of groups of seemingly sentient beings.